Thursday, March 28, 2013

Phu Quoc Island: bowl boats & 1st dog domestication

Earliest Human Y DNA: Mbo, Cameroon, Africa (Mbuti/mbi-aka/mbo-tswa-na)Bowl boat coracle - woven: Mbotai, Phu Quoc Island, Vietnam (bow/bowl/boat/baskettle)
Fire-Food: Xam- yam (nyummy), clam(ngulam), ham(pig+hound), shellfish(ketam), fish(ikan)

Earliest Human: fire spindrill (from Neanderthal) Xamax/Shamash (lamp/candle/Sumer sun god)
Xam-Mbo-Đằ-ya/Bách Việt (Chinese: 百越; pinyin: Bǎiyuè)
Xam+Mbo+tl-ay-a: champa/china=xiongua/cambodia/thai=atalaya/malaya/himba=bimbache(CI)
Earliest dog domestication: Mbotai, Phu Quoc Island, Vietnam; Kampot, Cambodia
Earliest horse domestication: Botai, Caspian-Crimea, Ukraine
http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/vietnam-in-photos/56181/exploring-the-four-special-dog-breeds-of-vietnam.html
http://english.vietnamnet.vn/en/special-report/13709/seeking-the-origin-of-phu-quoc-ridgeback.html
 
click to enlarge

Phu Quoc Ridgebacks

The Phu Quoc Dog is one of three rare dogs with a whorl on its back.
They are famous for hunting and protecting houses, for their friendship and loyalty to owners, and fearlessness against competitors.


http://www.squeakieice.com/phu-quoc-travel-guide/phu-quoc-exports.html



  Another point of interest in Phú Quôc is the island's native dog; this dog was originally a wild animal and later trained as a hunting dog by local people. These days they are very domesticated and it's unusual to go anywhere on the island without seeing one of these dogs! These animals have unusually sharp teeth (as they tear their food when they eat it rather than bite) and have claws that over the years have been conditioned for catching their prey and are razor sharp. [Note: the hairless Chinese crested, chihuahua and Peruvian mohawk dogs have unusual teeth, possibly related to the EDAR mutation which causes more eccrine sweat glands, smaller breasts and reduced hair in humans, this might be selected for in starch-digestion amylase production (dogs and humans have greatly increased amylase capacity vs wolves and apes).


An older man on Phu Quoc named Sau Khuong says there were at least three kinds of Phu Quoc ridgebacks a century ago.

One was found in Cua Can, Ba Trai, and Dong Ba and was small, weighed 12-16kg, but was swift and skillful in finding and chasing prey. A second kind was commonly found in Bac Dao and weighed around 20kg. It could bring down large prey like deer and take on wild boars. The smallest was found in Suoi Tranh and Suoi Da.

“It was so small that it could not climb past a fallen trunk but possessed an excellent sense of smell and was ferocious,” Chin Cua Dinh, a hunter and an island native, says.

A pack of hunting dogs has three to six individuals each with different skills like scenting, biting, and chasing. They are usually named after their skills. Thus, when a hunter shouts “Bite it” or “Chase it,” the dog named Bite or Chase would do the job.

Since hunters prefer dogs with colors that could blend into the forest, brown, yellow, grey, and black were the favorites, and white and those with spots are not liked much. Those with dew claws – a vestigial digit on the feet of many mammals -- are not preferred either since they could easily get stuck while hunting.

The leader of a pack must be sensitive to scents in the air to identify prey while the rest are good at picking up scents from the soil. The former therefore have a deep philtrum, the cleft beneath the noses of most mammals while the latter have shallow clefts.

Tapering bodies, deep chests, and shoulders that are lower than their bottoms indicate endurance and animals with these features are ideal for the long chase. Those with straight and slim legs are considered fast.

Hunter Minh Dia says a dog with a well-proportioned ridge running from shoulder to waist is battle-hardened. He also claims it is only good if tails incline left in males and right in females.

A major risk for the purebred Phu Quoc ridgeback comes from the popularity of the Thai ridgeback since some breeders intentionally cross them. Now there are an estimated 800 dogs bred in this manner in Vietnam.

The VKA is considering a ban on Phu-Thai ridgebacks participating in dog shows in Vietnam to protect the purebred Phu Quoc dogs, VKA member Bui Quoc Viet says.

“What we need now is World Canine Organization recognition for a primitive purebred Phu Quoc ridgeback, not for a new race of ridgeback.”

Vietnam has applied to the FCI to register the dog as a “primitive type of hunting dog with a ridge on the back” and it is now under consideration.

Tuoi Tre/Thanh Nien






http://dxing.at-communication.com/en/3w4jk_phu-quoc-island/





























AT Communication
AT Communication














3W4JK Phu Quoc Island

3w4jk,phu quoc island
SP5APW will be active from Phu Quoc Island (IOTA AS-128) 7-12 March 2012 as 3W4JK
He will be active on 40-6m SSB , RTTY , PSK31
QSL via home call
Phu Quoc Island 3W4JK DX News

Phu Quoc Island 3W4JK




3w4jk , phu quoc island




Codan 2110M-B125 Military Base Radio

Codan 2110M-B125 Military Base Station







Phu Quoc Island Vietnam

















Travel Wallpapers



http://www.wallpaperstravel.com/view/phu-quoc-island-vietnam-1280x800-travel.html


http://www.phu-quoc.de/pages_eng/karte_viet.html
Karte von | map of Vietnam
http://www.terragalleria.com/black-white/vietnam/picture.viet50167-bw.html
http://discoveryindochina.wordpress.com/2010/01/04/thuyen-thung/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC544937/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbo_people_(Cameroon)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Littoral_Region_(Cameroon)

Are these bowl boats (Vietnamese: Thung Chai) masted for sails, parasols, nets or rudder oars? Note the red lights on top, probably for night fishing, including squid.

Phu Quoc island is mountainous within a fairly flat lowland region of the Tonle Sap lake and Mekong delta. Phu Quoc, known as Koh Tral by Cambodians (Cambodia is only 12-15 km away), is the largest island of Vietnam. Situated in the Gulf of Thailand, the island is part of Kiên Giang province.  Duong Dong, halfway up the western coast, is a pleasant, unremarkable seaport with several 'nuoc mam' (fish sauce) factories (and Dinh Cau, a temple to the Whale God, full of skeletons of whales and other marine mammals used by cult devotees). Kampot is just eastwards in mainland Cambodia also grows black pepper on its mountainsides. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampot_(town)

Quoc means national, I haven't found what the meaning of Phu Quoc is.

Diving around Phu Quoc island: north end 10m deep, south end 40m deep



Gulf of Thailand: A semi-enclosed extension of the South China Sea, the Gulf of Thailand lies between the Malay Peninsula and Indochina. Its shallow waters are largely fed by fresh river water inflow, principally from the Chao Phraya River. This river input gives the surface waters a relatively low salinity, while salt water from the main part of the South China Sea only enters deep down, pooling in areas deeper than 160 ft (50 m). Coral reefs thrive in the warm water, and there is a strong tourist industry based around good dive sites, such as the island of Ko Samui. Mangrove forests provide a buffer between land and sea along much of the coast, offering a habitat to many marine organisms

21ka - 8ka  During the last Ice Age much of the Sunda Shelf of the South China Sea region was above sea level, with rainforest, wetlands and savanna: http://mnskuching.blogspot.com/2010/02/ice-age-mammals-of-borneo_07.html


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canis_lupus_pallipes Indian wolf, genetically closest to dogs,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog_domestication  Coppinger: "My argument is that what domesticated—or tame—means is to be able to eat in the presence of human beings. That is the thing that wild wolves can't do."[15]

Phu Quoc dogs, being long islanded smallish Asian wolves lost some of their predatorial nature/fear (cf dodo bird) before being domesticated/domed by humans. Women made and owned the dome huts/boats, allowed a favored female dog (bitch) subordinate status (protector against rape/theft of food supply), male humans had to bring food to woman for status/sex/domeshelter, while male wolfdogs were excluded from the dome but favorites were allowed/fed around the area during bitch's estrus which selected for social control.  In Africa and west Asia/Europe, this changed, due to preferences of dogs especially for both bowl-boat/sled pulling and hunting, such as the "ari" Hottentot ridgeback hunting dog and Congo pygmy's basenji, these were sources of large/fierce northern dogs(mastiff/misatim~basenji/bay-bark+anjin/gou=dingo)

In 2008, re-examination of material excavated from Goyet Cave in Belgium in the late 19th century resulted in the identification of a 31,700 year old dog, a large and powerful animal who ate reindeer, musk oxen and horses. This dog was part of the Aurignacian culture that had produced the art in Chauvet Cave.[22][23]
 
In 2010, the remains of a 33,000 year old dog were found in the Altai Mountains of southern Siberia.[24][25] DNA analysis published in 2013 affirmed that it was more closely related to modern dogs than to wolves.[26] In 2011, the skeleton of a 26,000 to 27,000 year old dog was found in the Czech Republic.
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Addendum:
Check out the "Sa'Och Por" or "Samre Pear" Negrito people of Chanthaburi Thai/Cambodia, possibly link of bow/abu/boat/beo/port/board/Mbo/Botai/bolt/bury/body/potl
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pear_people
ReplyDelete





Replies






  1. ...part of the early slave trade, the Pear=Par(Fr)=pal(N)=(bound)for(market).
    ...rotak(P)=bean=etl(N),=tataca(N)=dig/hoe=
    Coatl(N/5 Tonalamatl))=coatl(N)=tool of copper
    with wodden handle; type of shovel or azadón(sp)=
    hoe=howa(AL)=houwa(OHG)=coatl(N).
    ...houm(P)=bathe,=pom(Mayan)=popoca(N)=perfume.
    ...phlouh(P)=blow(E)=plow(E)=power/flower(E)=
    poa/opouh(N).
    ...tok(P)=boat=potli(N),=toca(N)=to/our being/ca,=tloc(N)=beside,=dock/locate.
    ...khos(P)=charcoal(E)=kh/ch/Coatl(N/5 Tona).
    ...goul(P)=cloud=cotona(N),=coloa(N)=coil/curl.
    ...thim(P)=cook=icuci/cuxtia/ixca/oicac(N),=
    timaloa(N)=supperate(pun), e.g., boil&boil=
    olinia(N).
    ...khmuc(P)=die,=kh/k/ca muchi(N)=being all.
    ...ches(P)=deer,=ce(N)=one offering=uentli(N)=
    ciervo/cerf, but, chia/chie/ochix(N)=to wait
    for someone, e.g., oc xic-chia(N)=wait a bit.
    ...hauc(P)=die,=h/th/toca(N)=sow and bury, e.g.
    le tocó(sp)=it touched him.
    ...pik(P)=dig,=pi/opic(N)=pick(E).
    ...lak(P)=drag(E)=dr/tlaca(N)=body.
    ...tak(P)=drink(E)=i(N),=tlaca(N)=body.
    ...poul(P)=drunk,=poliuhqui(N)=pulque/polluted,and, potli(N)=pool(E).
    ...tea(P)=duck,=teal=telink(MLG)=teling(Du)=
    tleco(N)=to rise/leg. of unkn. origin says
    Onions.
    ...thuk/touk(P)=East(where Sun rises),=to/our
    being/ca, tonalli(N)=soul of our Universe.
    ...BeOThuk=be/peua Ollin Toca(N)=begins in
    the Holy East/Our Being, say the Toniit.
    ...thek(P)=earth=hearth/heart=tletl(N)=fire,=
    tleco(N)=to rise/leg/location.
    ...toun(P)=egg,=Tonatiuh(N)=the yolk Sun.
    ...mat(P)=eye=meya/omex(N)=me(J)=metl(N)=mati
    (N)=to know,=ma/oma(N)=hunt land/sea with net=
    matlatl(N).
    ...phleo(P)=fire/pyre(E)=piloa(N)=spill(E).
    ...jan(P)=gibbon,=yani(N)=pilgrim, uan(N)=
    relation(to be frank).
    ...hak(P)=give,=maca(N)=hand be,=h/th/t/tlaca=
    body, in Nauatl.
    ...tou(P)=go,=-to(N/verb declension=towards)=
    to go/ir(sp).
    ...suc(P)=hair=tzontli(N),=tzocatl(N)=wrinkle,
    =socket/sock(E)=zoka(J)=creation.
    ...ti(P)=hand=h/th/t/tlan d/tli=tlantli(N)=
    antler(E)=tooth/diente(sp),=maite(Basque)=mate
    (E)=te(J)=hand,=aite(J)=mate/spouse, ai(J)=love/blue=matlalli(N)=netland.
    Pears speak SeaLang, shipped in by Japanese/
    Arab Sea people, cf., Cema Naga(Assam), who
    underwent similar pillage.
    Delete


  2. ...Pearic:
    ...ou(P)=father,=otosan/otona(J)=oyaji(J):
    ...kantun(P)=rabbit,=ka/ca tonatiuh(N)=sun being
    ...kos(P)=hawk,=Cozcacuauhtli(N/16 Tona)=king
    Buzzard,=cozcatl(N)=cross(E)=kosa(J)=crossing.
    ...tos(P)=head,=tozcatl(N)=t/th(r)o(zc)oat/l=
    throat(e):
    ...chil(P)=heart/mind,=chilli(N)=red pepper.
    ...mis(P)=name(E)=na-miqui(N)=marry/struggle;
    nami(J)=wave/billow,=-nami(J/sfx)=treat someone as one of the family.
    ...tao(P)=pod/ear,=tlaolli(N)=take corn off
    the cob,=tha(Otomitl Amerind=otome(J)=maiden)=
    corn.
    ...rap(P)=wash,=r/tlapacatl(N)=lavar ropa(sp)/
    wash,=rap(OE/OFrisian)=r/t/lapa(N)=rope=
    nawa(J)=Nauatl(N).
    Delete






  • "note eliding (l)of ko(l)ko, the k/g shift of ko(l)ko/go(l)go. .."

    pukul (Malay) beat (gong/clock)
    pulku (Lapp) boat (pulled sledboat)
    pulling makes path = direction
    punting/poking = suck(el)ing out/in, socket

    harpoon hook-barb + punt/spoon?


    ReplyDelete


  • ...suck(E)=tzocatl(N)=sugar(E)=azucar(sp).
    ...poling(E)=each of 2 points in celestial/ocelot(N/14 Tonalamatl)=sphere,=potli(N)=
    pool/punt/pull/both forward and back, side to side,=
    patla(N)=swap/paddle.
    ReplyDelete


  • "...thim(P)=cook=icuci/cuxtia/ixca/oicac(N),=
    timaloa(N)=supperate(pun), e.g., boil&boil=
    olinia(N)."

    Thimbu River, roiling whitewater to Bhutan
    Himba(ghee-jelled-greased hair)/Tibet(ghee-oiled bowlboat yakskin)/Himalaya(rim(e)-layered/land)

    "...ches(P)=deer,=ce(N)=one offering=uentli(N)=
    ciervo/cerf, but, chia/chie/ochix(N)=to wait
    for someone, e.g., oc xic-chia(N)=wait a bit. "

    ches, cf schield, wait at river (on shore or in bowlboat) for deer/horses to swim river, use punt-pole with end loop to slip over its head (but not strangle) cf lariat la riat/lasso/(Lhasa?)/toss(tos(P) head) (later cowboys on horses hand(h)eld rope "spoke"=punt, keeping a circle of rope spinning by partial twisting it in palm cf Chinese circle/wheel=gulu, net=gu; Malay 10 =se-pulu = punt + hoop = 1 + 0); pony-polo

    "...mis(P)=name(E)=na-miqui(N)=marry/struggle;
    nami(J)=wave/billow,=-nami(J/sfx)=treat someone as one of the family"

    Namaqualand(Botswana) = Nagaland(Assam) = NamViet(old name)=Nam Yueh(Chin)~Yueh Zhi(PIE Toch?)
    Han/Xionghua vs Hun/Xiongnu

    "...suc(P)=hair=tzontli(N),=tzocatl(N)=wrinkle,
    =socket/sock(E)=zoka(J)=creation."

    suc = hair = fiber(hemp/kemp) of rope loop(cycle=socket) tossed/cassok-khazakh = Botai/XmBotlay/Khampa horse herders

    Kokonor: Kham homeland; Numerous rivers, including the Mekong, Yangtze, Yalong Jiang, and the Salween flow through Kham.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kham
    http://thomaslkelly.smugmug.com/REPORTAGE/TIBETAN-DIASPORA/8368547_BTHk6v#!i=549014374&k=4r3nrL8
    http://thomaslkelly.smugmug.com/EXHIBITION/Native-Graces/6984693_4jPH58/447036476_RcftrgR#!i=447036476&k=RcftrgR
    Bhotia people, Cham dances, Kham horsemen, turquoise
  •  
  •  Cham Island, offshore central Vietnam http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cu_Lao_Cham_Marine_Park


  • Guanche (Canari island language), Dravidian/Cham-Xambotlaya:

    BimbacheA people from Hierro Vin-bach ("Land of the Brave")
    Canarias"Island of the Dogs" Cham-ari ("Island of Cham") 3
    Chenech (or Chinech or Achinech)Local name of TenerifeChe-nek ("Pure Land") 4
    Echeyde (Teyde)"The Luminous One"Ecch-eyd or Chey-ide ("The White (or Fiery or Shiny) Mountain")
    GomeraOne of the CanariesGomeda ("Fat Cattle") 5
    GuacimaraName of a royal princessKaci-mara ("Golden Beauty")
    Guanche(See note 6)Cham-che ("The Golden Heroes") 6
    3) Pliny, in his Natural History, affirms that the name of "Canaria" derives from the many dogs found on the island (Canis, in Latin). This is an exoterism, and the name indeed derives from that of Cham, the patriarch of the Chamites (or Ethiopians), the fallen ones. In reality, the word Cham means precisely the same as "Ethiopian" or "burnt-faces". The Dravidian etyms of the word Cham are highly enlightening. The word means both "artificer", "smith", "architect", as well as "fallen", destroyed", "dead", "terminated". Both in Dravida and in the Biblical tradition, the name of Cham is also interpreted as meaning "dog", "doggish".
    The suffix ari- of "Canary" means "island", "cliff", "rock", in Dravida, and implies the idea of a sunken land whose peaks remained above the water. Hence, the Canaries are the Island of the Artificers who engendered Creation; the Fallen Angels or Nephelim, who "fell" (or died or were exterminated) at the end of their era, becoming damned dogs. In other words, the Guanches are "the People of Cham" (Guan-che or Cham-che), an etym (etymology)not unrelated to that of "Dog" and to that of the Canaries. (See Note 6, below).
    http://www.atlan.org/articles/guanche_dravida/
    No, canari from Cham ari from XamBa Ari (people dog, or people of the dog, = arian/ainu/arinu/kenari/canari)
     
    From German Dziebel's blog Anthropogeny: Dogs, yaks, people domesticationGokcumen et al. (2013) have identified a few interesting facts. First, contrary to the earlier accounts of “Neandertal admixture” in the human genome that failed to detect traces of it among African foragers, they found NE1 in 13% of their Mbuti Pygmy sample. This is precisely what out-of-America II predicts: modern humans with roots in a Eurasian hominin such as Neandertals or Denisovans colonized every remote corner of the world, including the African tropics. Second, they
    “found that variation within African NE1 haplotypes is significantly higher than variation within Asian and European NE1 haplotypes (p<10 sup="">−15

    )….”But despite the higher variation within African NE1 haplotypes, the frequency of those haplotypes are the highest outside of Africa and, especially in America. This means that diversity is no indication of a population’s age. Plain simple. It’s likely that it shows the relaxation of a selective constraint in this region and the corresponding increase in mutation rate, which is something to be expected from a regulatory gene. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) metrics seem to support this interpretation (Amerindians again not represented):
    “To understand the genomic composition upstream of the APOBEC3 locus, we first examined the phase I SNP data from the 1000 Genomes Project and identified an unusually strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) block spanning approximately 36 kb (NE1 locus, hg18 – chr22:37,600,063–37,636,026). This LD block is evident in Eurasian (CEU and CHB/JPT) populations but is absent in the Yoruban (YRI) population.”
    The increase of genetic diversity as a result of the relaxation of selective constraints is something that is well described for some of modern humans’ companion species such as domesticated dogs and domesticated yaks following the domestication. A similar process must have affected their owners, too.
  •  







  • 23 comments:

    DDeden said...

    Note:

    Magal Dauid (Basque) protection of David

    Magan David (Hebrew) shield of David

    Mangi-mangi (Malay) mangrove

    Mangal or Mangrove, a saline woody tree and shrub environment

    DDeden said...

    Note: I sent this comment to Virginia Highlander's blog -


    DDedenApril 4, 2013 at 12:34 PM

    Thanks. I recall da = big (dawei~big man). By the way, speaking of Bucky Fuller's speculations, I think he was right on the early bronze/tin/copper/ochre locale, but I think it was pottery glaze or very thin surface 'paints', not structural metal (Fuller's hypothesis eg. ship's fastenings), that was made there so early. My thought is that the first watercraft were glazed/glued/ghee'd basket-bowl coracles (from earlier "geodesic"-woven dome huts inverted from ancient ape-like bowl-nests) which were (in shallows) punted with poles and (in deep) pulled by paired dogs (high-tailed proto-Thai ridgebacks). This was made obsolete by linear boats (canoes etc.) and paddles/sails, but continued as sled/travois dog teams. (First dogs at Phu Quoc, were unafraid of humans, like dodos; later dogs were mixed with cold-weather wolves)

    I made brief blogposts, see pictures: http://the-arc-ddeden.blogspot.com/2013/03/phu-quoc-island-bowl-boats-1st-dog.html

    http://the-arc-ddeden.blogspot.com/2007/03/1.html

    http://the-arc-ddeden.blogspot.com/2008/12/crescent.html

    DDeden said...

    copy of Carlos' comment at -tletl (in reference to possible link to magal/magan/manggi/mangal):

    carlos lascoutx4 April 2013 18:08

    ...hammock(E)=sleeve=manga(sp)=ma(n)c/ga=
    maca(sp/aphaeresis of hamaca/sp).

    DDeden said...


    Did ancient humans swim and dive while foraging for food? Did they produce tongue-click sounds, similar to the Khoi-San people (who have the Hottentot ridgeback 'Ari' dog closely related to the Thai & Phu Quoc ridgebacks)? Perhaps the development of bowl-boats/basketry/net weaving later reduced reliance on swimming and increased food production?

    Dolphins click to find food, this began in rivers and coasts, where turbid water flows selected first for better vision but then for echolocation (clicking echoes) with less reliance on vision.

    {dolphin clicking began with low/slow clicks in turbid fresh-brackish water, evolved into high freq buzz for greater distance in ocean}



    To sustain themselves, river dolphins must find their food, often small fish or crustaceans, in highly turbid water where visibility seldom exceeds a few inches.



    Surprisingly, the echolocation signals turned out to be much less intense than those employed by marine dolphins of similar size and it seemed that the freshwater dolphins were looking for prey at much shorter distances. From this, the researchers surmise that both the dolphin species and the river dolphin were echolocating at short range due to the complex and circuitous river system that they were foraging in.

    While both Irawaddy and Ganges river dolphin produced lower intensity biosonar, the Ganges river dolphin had an unexpectedly low frequency biosonar, nearly half as high as expected if this species had been a marine dolphin.




    A new perspective on the evolution of biosonar

    The study suggests that echolocation in toothed whales initially evolved as a short, broadband and low-frequent click. As dolphins and other toothed whales evolved in the open ocean, the need to detect schools of fish or other prey items quickly favored a long-distance biosonar system. As animals gradually evolved to produce and to hear higher sound frequencies, the biosonar beam became more focused and the toothed whales were able to detect prey further away.

    However, the Ganges river dolphin separated from other toothed whales early throughout this evolutionary process, adapting to a life in shallow, winding river systems where a high-frequency, long-distance sonar system may have been less important than other factors such as high maneuverability or the flexible neck that helps these animals capture prey at close range or hiding within mangrove roots or similar obstructions.

    http://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com/2013/04/an-ancient-biosonar-sheds-new-light-on.html



    Note lack of dorsal fin, similar to beluga (flexible neck) which somewhat resembles large seals/walrus/manatees



    http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0059284

    DDeden said...



    DDeden5 April 2013 09:56

    sleeve in Beothuk is "sheet", not sure if pronounced same as English sheet.

    Yes, Beothuk were seal hunters, perhaps used winter skin boats(?) but definitely used winged birchbark canoes (tapatook) and cone huts of birchbark (mamateek).

    ReplyDelete






    carlos lascoutx5 April 2013 11:08

    ...sleave/sleeve(E)=slev(NFrisian)=eua(N)=leave,
    depart,=sheet(Beo)=sh/itini(N)=drop,=shiten(Jap)=
    branch(shop/office/house).
    ...mamateek(Beo)=birch bark hut= mamaltia(N)=nonotla/nicno-mamaltia
    (N)=carry something on one's back,=mama(N), e.g.,
    teomama(N)=god carrier,= mamatech(N)=tech(N/posposición)= on/in/over/of/with, e.g., motech(N)=with you/contigo(sp), in tech(N)=with them/con ellos(sp). mama(N)=nitla-mama(N)=he who carries/carga(sp)on his back, e.g., father, mother,
    chief, señor, protector, sostén(sp). the roof of
    Beothuk houses is of particular interest.
    ...tapatook(Beo)=canoa(sp)=tapazolli(N)=bird nest,=
    tapazoloa(N)=twist/entangle/embrollar(sp)=embroil
    something,=tapaquentia(N)=cover oneself greatly,
    put on many layers of dress, in this case tapa-toca
    (N)=taparse la canoa como se viste/dress, quenched, and in layers.
    Reply

    Replies






    carlos lascoutx5 April 2013 11:26

    ...the Toniit Toltec Beothek/tec are Eurasian
    Russile Baltic deer tribe, to name a few places, they have been. the Tlaloc Nomad Age, by definition, makes it difficult to pin down their
    earlier locations but not their terminus, e.g.,
    Ozero(Ocelotl), 71 pieces of ochre, Qafzeh, Israel, 100kya.
    ...tapayolli(N)=pelota/ball,=tapayoloa(N)=make
    balls, also, clews=clowen(OE)=Coatl uentli(N)=
    snake offering, of yarn.




    Reply







    DDeden5 April 2013 11:46

    Botocudo (from Portuguese botoque, a plug, in allusion to the wooden disks
    or tembetás worn in their lips and ears)..."
    ReplyDelete






    carlos lascoutx5 April 2013 17:02

    ...boto-cudo(Port/botoque)=button(E)=potli(N)=both,
    =cudo(Port/2d particle)=cotoni(N)=pinch/cut.
    ...tem-betas(Port)=tentli petla(N)=lip throws, like
    tent pegs, no allusion,=botao(Port)=button.
    ...Beothuk papers should be made available, with all
    its errors it's not an isolate, to those Ammy lounguists who say it is, starting with Ivey Goddard,
    now resting on a laurel.
    Reply

    Replies






    carlos lascoutx6 April 2013 11:26

    ...note the many words in B(e)o(th)uk/g that
    swirl around the Russian word for, God=Bog(R).




    Reply







    DDeden6 April 2013 13:41

    split/paru/pair/fract/freq: divide in portions
    boto/bow/potli/ply/plus: gather (potlatch)
    pursed/pouty, about/aboard/boat/bottle/button/boto/(photo?)/pot/(s)po(c)k(r)ed

    bog (goodgod|baddog|-golu|globe)

    Word list by Ooi Bey in 'Beothuk Saga', errors & misspelled duplicates "Beothuk means true men" OR 'ochre people'? No, neither, ... "bowed hook" I guess...
    ReplyDelete






    DDeden6 April 2013 13:57

    botoque/button/block/plug/slug(n)

    "tapayolli(N)=pelota/ball,=tapayoloa(N)=make
    balls, also, clews=clowen(OE)="
    make balls-closed\claut\sodclod-bowls-bows from tree/bark/sap, "tapazolli(N)=bird nest" tapabowl/kavabowl(Polynesian power drink)


    ReplyDelete






    DDeden6 April 2013 14:20

    Check out the "Sa'Och Por" or "Samre Pear" Negrito people of Chanthaburi Thai/Cambodia, possibly link of bow/abu/boat/beo/port/board/Mbo/Botai/bolt/bury/body/potl
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pear_people

    (comments at Tletl blog)

    DDeden said...

    foca (L) hearth
    focus (L) ochre

    Nauatl-Nahuatl-Namwatl-Nambiaka/Namkwa/Namakwa-Namaqualand-Namibia|(Na)Mbotswana
    (Na)(Xa)(Ba)(Cha) + Mbo + (tlaya/daya/dia)
    -Mbo(people dome(sticate)d)
    -Mbotai(dog dome(sticate)d)
    -Botai (horse dome(sticate)d)

    esticate = atlaya/atl

    DDeden said...



    carlos lascoutx10 April 2013 11:27

    ...no. ochre/oc(r)e(sp)=celia/ocelix(N)=to revive,=
    oc(r)e-lix. tlauitl(N)=och(r)e/ocelix,=tlauiz(N)=
    dawn(E). the sun is born=tlacati(N)=takes body/ tlaca
    every day=tlacatli(N)=tac/tag/dag(G), that's the metaphor: rebirth/reviving after journey to Mictlan/ Center Earth). red= Tonatiuh/ Tonalli(N)=soul tone/tune=tlauitl(N)=Lewis/Lawis=
    tlauiz(N)=dawn(E). rebirth idea embodied by Tonatiuh/Anthony, soul of our universe, day by day.
    ...your etymology needs a larger frame, an understanding of paradigm, i.e., the same model
    repeated at every level is the kind of world we
    live in. i do appreciate your steering, you're good
    at it, as for course, allow me to call out an adjustment now and then.
    Reply






    DDeden11 April 2013 11:54

    hmm, apparently some etymologic confusion (not you but other sources)...

    foca = radial hearth, volk/family/kin
    phoca = harbor seal,
    pocus = poker (hocus pocus hook poker?
    focus = ochre?
    Reply






    DDeden11 April 2013 12:33

    hoky poky: hockey stick, smoke poker?

    (a)bortion/-fertl/-forth/-portal/pochre

    (p)ochre revives flame/life from dead (coals/corpse), poker was coated in ochre/clay (1st metal in SEAsia not structural, just coat).

    Por/botl/(b)huatl: indig. tribe of Cambodia near Kampot/Phu Quoc island (bowlboats/1st dogs/Jomon)

    ham=hound|hog (razorback hog, ridgeback dog)
    (Chinese) gou (dog), damagou (hemp ditch)
    clam/yam/ham/hemp=hamper=food basket (woven)
    cf yamp(Ute) yam, Nyam(Fulani) food

    NamViet/NamYueh = Nam+biaka/buotai/botai
    h(U)mbotswana ~ (Swat Valley, Afghan h/mounds)
    s(u)a(t)l(uk)i ... u-tuk/hundog?
    m(u)a(ts)li molimoli hunting horn (male ritual)

    DDeden said...

    hooked = socket = spooned/dished/bow(tl)ed
    atlatl ladel: cast(rled) & pollux/bow(rled)/hurled/bullet ~~pulled pulk(led/(pup-sled)|(pig-let) hooked harnessed -esticate

    DDeden said...

    carlos lascoutx11 April 2013 16:26

    ...the cup/copina of meaning co(m)bines, runs
    over. poke and pluck, but if you poke a fire
    it may popoca. volk may be welk/welkin=weolcen
    (OE), in fact, is. nepa(N)=Neptonatiuh=ne(r)pa(Russile)=seal=
    ce atl(N/Tonalamatl sign). foca(sp) likely popoca for it gray coloring, smoke on the water. poking the pot is metaphor for poking the fire, and usually smoke is produced when done, or done to make the burn cleaner.
    ...this is the part of word play i like, means
    i'm poking around in pie Nauatl, sharpening my
    subtleties for the game. don't know where you
    get focus as ochre, oh yes, the reddest ochre,
    favored by most, is heated, hmmm, doesn't have the rebirth potential?suppose as fire it does,
    metaphor for the Sun. seals/foca smoked too?
    ...ochre is how we know the Beothuk are Toniit/
    Tonatiuh people. Ochre Runes, Himba maids.
    ...miltos(Anc.Gk)=ochre,=mitiades(Gk)=red-haired,=Milton(Name)=miltontli(Nauatl)=
    miltepiton(N)=dimin. of milli/field,=
    part of an inheritance, portion of a field, ah,
    this is the rebirth potential in ochre, by extension.

    ...dogs do not originate on an island, neither
    Malta, nor Phu Quoc, being brought there from
    Egypt in the 4th Millenium Sea Age by the
    Anubis/Xolotl sailors of Quetzalcoatl.
    ...u-tuk(?)=toca(N)=sow and bury/breed.=t/dog/ca.
    ...nyam(Fulani)=yamania(N)=soften,=yam/Hammer.
    note the n=Nauatl label.
    ...ham(?)=h/th/tamati(N)=tame(E)=tamalli(N)=
    tamaño(sp)=size?
    ...good work on, S(u)a(t)l(uk)i. saluki/Anubis/
    Xoltol dogs mark the early passage of Egypt/
    Arabia/Xolotl through southeast Asia, Malta
    (the Med), and Amerinda. the Sea Age had a
    hand in china too, as the early maps show
    the northernmost river first populated, and
    a discovery of Saluki types will be further
    confirmation on who, altho the proto-Chinese were raising dog and pig together since 8k BCE.

    DDeden12 April 2013 09:12

    ...pucha(Mex slang)=girl to whom virginity is no longer an issue, yet, ichpochyotl/ichpochotl(N)=virginity, e.g., uel ichpuchotl(N)=complete virginity. note similarity to chocholli(N)=deer hoove/split hoof, in harmony with the creation legend of that part, nenetl(N)=vulva, idol, doll, of woman, e.g., lying in a dell, the creator god having shaped her limbs out of corn pone, there only lacked her operative feature, the door/toloa by which we all enter the world"

    pooch (dog, related to lupus?), pouch, puki(Malay, birth canal), pintu (Malay) door hinge/sabbath week hinge)

    Compare "d|hog" to dhole (Indian wild dog unrelated to domestic dog)

    "...dogs do not originate on an island, neither
    Malta, nor Phu Quoc, being brought there from
    Egypt in the 4th Millenium Sea Age by the
    Anubis/Xolotl sailors of Quetzalcoatl."

    Carlos, I have to disagree, ridgeback dogs (from back-striped wolves) at Phu Quoc long before then. Other later dogs were brought with sailors.

    DDeden said...




    carlos lascoutx11 April 2013 16:26

    ...the cup/copina of meaning co(m)bines, runs
    over. poke and pluck, but if you poke a fire
    it may popoca. volk may be welk/welkin=weolcen
    (OE), in fact, is. nepa(N)=Neptonatiuh=ne(r)pa(Russile)=seal=
    ce atl(N/Tonalamatl sign). foca(sp) likely popoca for it gray coloring, smoke on the water. poking the pot is metaphor for poking the fire, and usually smoke is produced when done, or done to make the burn cleaner.
    ...this is the part of word play i like, means
    i'm poking around in pie Nauatl, sharpening my
    subtleties for the game. don't know where you
    get focus as ochre, oh yes, the reddest ochre,
    favored by most, is heated, hmmm, doesn't have the rebirth potential?suppose as fire it does,
    metaphor for the Sun. seals/foca smoked too?
    ...ochre is how we know the Beothuk are Toniit/
    Tonatiuh people. Ochre Runes, Himba maids.
    ...miltos(Anc.Gk)=ochre,=mitiades(Gk)=red-haired,=Milton(Name)=miltontli(Nauatl)=
    miltepiton(N)=dimin. of milli/field,=
    part of an inheritance, portion of a field, ah,
    this is the rebirth potential in ochre, by extension.
    ...pick, pock, puck, the focus of H/th/tockey=
    toca(N)=toca(sp)=play,=touch. the p/t relation
    in Nauatl is interchange, a poke is a toke/touch.
    ...forth=for/por/par=pal(N).
    ...for abort one has to know ab(Latin)=from, e.g.,
    ab o(r)tli=from the road/off the road/vein/verse=
    uta(J)==odos/odol(B)=blood(E)=otli(N)=root.
    ...forth can also be potli(N)=both, if a return
    journey, or with brother(E)=po(r)tal=potli(N)=
    po(n)t(Latin)=bridge(E/root of potli).
    ...pulchre(Latin)=ichpochtl/ichpuchtli(N).
    ...dogs do not originate on an island, neither
    Malta, nor Phu Quoc, being brought there from
    Egypt in the 4th Millenium Sea Age by the
    Anubis/Xolotl sailors of Quetzalcoatl.
    ...u-tuk(?)=toca(N)=sow and bury/breed.=t/dog/ca.
    ...nyam(Fulani)=yamania(N)=soften,=yam/Hammer.
    note the n=Nauatl label.
    ...ham(?)=h/th/tamati(N)=tame(E)=tamalli(N)=
    tamaño(sp)=size?
    ...good work on, S(u)a(t)l(uk)i. saluki/Anubis/
    Xoltol dogs mark the early passage of Egypt/
    Arabia/Xolotl through southeast Asia, Malta
    (the Med), and Amerinda. the Sea Age had a
    hand in china too, as the early maps show
    the northernmost river first populated, and
    a discovery of Saluki types will be further
    confirmation on who, altho the proto-Chinese were raising dog and pig together since 8k BCE.



    carlos lascoutx11 April 2013 17:50

    ...multiple roots=pie Nauatl, e.g., hook(E)=h/th/t/z/zh/h=tzoocatl(N)=wrinkle,=
    socket/sock. when hook=hako(OHG)=tlaca(N).
    ...spoon(E)=potli(N)=both sides, can also be used
    as knife,=pond/puddle/punt/potage.
    ...dish(E)=tisch(G)=table,=tisc(OHG)=plate,=
    ticitl(N)=midwife of the table is a plate,
    midwife of furniture is a table.
    ...bole(E)=tree trunk(where 2 branches meet)=
    potli(N)=both/broth/pot/bowl/bottle/butt/but.
    ...castor=Ecatl(N)=wind up, pollux=potli(N)=
    both(2 stick fire drill)=poliui(N)=pollution.
    ...h/ch/curl=coloa(N)=double, pleat, twist,
    turn, circuit. the curling refers to acolli(N)=
    shoulder(E).
    ...piglet=pig little.
    ...led(E)=tletl(N)=let(E).
    ...-esticate(E/sfx)=t/e(s)tica=tetic(N)=hard/firm,
    =tetica(N)=de piedra/con piedras,=ethic/ethical
    =ética(sp)/etiquetta(sp)=ticket(E)=etiquette,
    that's the ticket(E)=phrase of approval.
    ...ha(r)ness(E)=h/ch/canixti(N/plural of can)=
    can(N/adverb)=where? in what place?,=plural,
    canixiti: ioccanixti(N)=in 2 places,=
    ioc-(N/particle)=yoke(E)=c/ch/ha(r)nish/xti=
    harness(E). harness is always in 2 places as
    there are to sides to any hooked/toca beast.

    DDeden said...

    Regarding the change from wolf (tail gland) to ridgeback dog (spine tail-base dorsal cyst), and also the "Asian blue spot" near tailbone, see:

    http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130410082201.htm

    Unusual Anal Fin Offers New Insight Into Evolution

    10.4.13
    An unusual fossil fish that has fins behind its anus could have
    implications for human evolution, according to a scientist at The
    University of Manchester.

    Robert Sansom identified the paired fins of Euphanerops, a fossil jawless
    fish that swam in the seas c 370 Ma.
    The find makes the fish one of the first vertebrate to develop paired
    appendages such as fins, legs or arms.
    However, their positioning is incredibly unusual:
    "... its anal fin is paired: there is one fin on each side of the fish.
    Up until now, anal fins have only been seen on jawed fish, where they are
    unpaired, and this is true of extinct & modern fish"

    DDeden said...

    (From Human Migrations group)

    "There was an article in Scientific American sometime in the 70s (IIRC) which was on the remarkable near identical shape and construction of pottery in a certain part of western South America and Japan. " S P

    -

    "Yes, the similarities between Valdivia and Jomon pottery have been reported, but Ainu have Y-DNA hg D at high frequency... (Ainu also have C1, which again
    doesn't show up in America.) There's no corresponding mtDNA or autosomal correlate to this Japan-to-South America migration." G D

    -

    "What makes the most sense to me is that this NRY C3* sequence is the male counterpart of the On Your Knees Cave Man's mtDNA sequence, D4h3a. D4h3a was first reported in the Cayapa sample of Ecuador (in 1999) and
    the Cayapa continue to be the population which has the highest frequency of this sub-haplogroup (23%). NRY C3* and mtDNA D4h3 are also both rare in North America. It is also interesting that the Cayapa had no mtDNA D1 sequences." G H

    -

    "Cayapa doesn't have C3*. Linguistically, Cayapa and Waorani, who have elevated frequencies of Y-DNA C3*, are as distinct as Cayapa and Kawesqar. D4h3 is found in both North and South America and not found in Japan" GD

    (me)
    I don't see Ainu as Jomon, though some admixture. Jomon were from south east Asia, south Cambodia/Vietnam coasts & isles (including now-sunken ridges) who dug/baked mud/clay buried/wrapped yams/clams/hams(ridgeback dog/razorback hog=dhog(cf dhole, xolo), pig/puppy), they used woven basket bowl boats and made clay bottles by wrapping a "string" of rolled clay around a poker (apa-ochre) and heating it (producing glue/glaze from birch sap) while using a wooden paddle to shape it ...Tai=Xiam/Champa/Jom(p)on/Chia(m)panggu/Japan/Nippongo.



    Note: Wolves have anal scent gland and tail gland, dogs have no tail gland, ridgebacks have a "cyst"at dorsal base of tail causing a ridge, which when homozygous becomes lethally infected, likely linked to the ancestral wolf tail gland. Ridgebacks, basenjis and dingos have annual estrus like wolves, other dogs have 7 month estrus cycle. Basenjis & dingos have upturned tails like ridgebacks, so must have derived from ridgeback ancestors, perhaps mixed with dhole or jackal males. Phu Quoc island ridgebacks were probably like dodo birds, naive to humans and easy to approach, capture and domesticate.



    By the way, Natufians at Lake Huleh, Israel lived in round stone huts, probably derived (like Eskimo snowblock igloos) from fish?-jawed/sawed/sod domes and/or soft/saw-fit brick domes, from earlier wicker-shingled(ceiling='sealing wax'ed leaves) mongolu dome huts. East Asians also dug pit houses with sod tops, first round, then squared.

    DDeden

    DDeden said...

    http://forwhattheywereweare.blogspot.com/2013/04/fish-soup-in-japanese-pots-from-15000.html

    note geometrical incisions, like triangular woven baskets, also seen in South Africa ochre

    http://forwhattheywereweare.blogspot.com/2013/04/rock-art-from-baja-california-dates-to.html

    Pericue in Baja... parical bowl boats from Kampot?

    DDeden said...



    carlos lascoutx12 April 2013 10:38

    ...the Phu Quoc dogs are crossed with Anubis/Xolotl. the point is an island
    does not originate any breed. it comes
    from the mainland.







    DDeden13 April 2013 09:01

    Ok. Phu Quoc ridgeback originated domestic dog. Why? All Wolves have tail gland, no dogs have tail gland... Only the ridgeback has the dorsal tail-base "cyst" (sometimes pups got toxic infection, so pups with cyst were food ("cyst as "eye" or "sunspot" = (s)ham? = burnt sacrifice?) these were not named), the cyst must be from the wolf ancestor's tail gland.
    So, the Phu Quok dog derived from the Indian wolf (mainland), and due to genetic isolation and inbreeding developed the mutated tail. This was the original stock of all dogs, including the basenji and dingo and pariah dogs.

    DDeden said...

    Note: Paricu - coracle of India cf parical, parisal, qufa, cooper, cupa/tepa...compare to Baja California Pericu

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peric%C3%BAes

    The Pericú are best known for their maritime orientation, harvesting fish, shellfish, and marine mammals from the waters of the southern Gulf of California. Terrestrial resources such as agave, the fruit of cacti, small game, and deer were also important. Agriculture was not practiced.

    The Pericú were one of the few aboriginal groups on the California coasts to possess watercraft other than tule balsas, making use of wooden rafts and double-bladed paddles. Nets, spears or harpoons, darts, and bows and arrows were tools for procuring fish and meat. Bags, baskets, and gourds were used for carrying, since pottery was not made. The requirements for shelter and clothing were minimal, although the women wore skirts of fiber or animal skins and both sexes adopted various forms of adornment.
    Pericu words:
    Attested toponyms are:[1]
    Aiñiní: the location of the Mission Santiago de los Coras
    Anicá: a Pericú settlement
    Añuití: the location of the Mission San José del Cabo (near San José del Cabo)
    Caduaño: a location in the modern city of Los Cabos; means 'green arroyo
    Calluco
    Cunimniici: a mountain range
    Eguí
    Marinó: the Santa Ana Mountains
    Purum: a group of mountains and a Pericú settlement
    Yeneca: a Pericú settlement
    Yenecamú: Cabo San Lucas

    DDeden said...

    From Kamzar, Oman across strait of Hormuz , follow coast of India to Gulf of Kambhat, enter mouth of Narmada River, past 2 pygmy fossils and Bhimbetke caveshelters (Toba 74ka) to Chambal River north or east to Champa to Son River (north) to Ganga/Ganghes River, east to Jamuna Lakes and then either north to Meghalaya/Thimbu River/Bhutan/Tibet/Himalaya or south on Ganghes to Bay of Bengal, then east along Sunda to Cambodia/Kampot/Champa Vietnam.

    DDeden said...

    http://earlywomenmasters.net/masters/jomon/
    Jomon: cord marks (on pottery)(perhaps related xiampan/sampan)

    "Dogu" (土偶 = "clay idol/figurines")(related to dough?)

    DDeden said...
















    http://hoianvillageexperience.com/?cmd=act:main|cat:103

    Lying 18 km offshore from Hoi An, Cham Islands (known locally as Cu Lao Cham) feature beautiful seascapes and landscapes. This island group has 3,000 inhabitants; most of whom make a living from fishing. Only 30 minutes by speedboat from Hoi An Town (Cua Dai Quay), it is perfect for a day trip with snorkeling or a dive on some beautiful coral rif, a delicious seafood lunch on the island, or a walk along the "eco-tour" trail. There are many other interesting attractions for visitors, including fresh seafood, traditional crafts, swimming and sightseeing. Recently important archaeological remains were found and these are now exhibited in a small museum near the main jetty. The island is rich in aquatic resources, with 165 hectares of coral and 500 hectares of sea weeds. The waters around Cu Lao Cham is home to 135 species of coral, four species of tiger shrimp and 84 species of mollusk,



    http://hoianvillageexperience.com/?cmd=act:news%7Cnewsid:322








    The Basket Boat is locally named the "Thung Chai" which is very useful & is used very popularly by the local fishermen in the central regions of Viet Nam. The local fishermen really need to use them because of its convenience. It help them moving easily from their big boat to the main land. Furthermore, it is used by the fishermen to catch fish after the fishing net has been drop down to catch fish in a successful way. Besides, it can carry needed things for the fishing people like oil, wood, food and others…Now these are odd looking boats. The basket boats also named Thung Chai originate from Vietnam and are considered very valuable for the owners. The boats are made entirely out of bamboo (coco fronds?)and are mainly used by fisherman in Central Vietnam
    Our Tour Guide will pick up Guests at the hotel by bicycle or car. Transfer to Cam Thanh fisshing Village. On the way we will stop at nice & ancient cemetary, temple, a houese built with water coco nut leaves. Explore many beautiful view of Vietnam countyside, good chance to meet local people. Instruction on the use of the Basket Boat. Proceed on adventure, roal the basket boat inside of the water coco palm forest by the small and beautifull chanels. pick up the water coconut fruits












    CAM THANH FISHING VILLAGE Cam/Khampa/Champa/Xambotalya/Cambodia/Xiamalaya



    http://www.panoramio.com/photo/42293915






    DDeden said...

    Morvan Michel December 27, 2012 at 3:22 am · Reply →


    The Uralo-Eskimo similarity of the verbal structure was already shown by Aurélien Sauvageot. As for myself, I have found some link with Altaic: eskimo imiq = ‘water’/turkish imik ‘fontanel’, eskimo ikiaq ‘between’/turkish iki ‘two’, eskimo kayak ‘boat’/turkish kayïk ‘to glide’.
    (Anthropogeny comment)

    DDeden said...

    Kama River & Uralic source:
    (note: "puntarisa" cf Cambarisa/Tibet
    Although the title of the paper refers to the nitty-gritty details of Uralo-Yukaghir lexical contacts, a bulk of the paper is devoted to a discussion of the reasons behind Häkkinen’s choice of the Lower Kama as Uralic homeland (see circle on the map below, from Hakkinen’s Finnish article “Kantauralin ajoitus ja paikannus: perustelut puntarissa,” Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja 92, 2009, 56). contd.

    DDeden said...

    correction: Anthropogenesis blog

    DDeden said...

    IE *yug- ‘to bind; yoke’ (Gk zugon shows a consonant in the anlaut, which frequently corresponds to IE *d) and IE *syu- ‘to sew’, both derived from *C-yuH1-; 3) Hitt ishahru ‘tear’ and IE *(d)ak’ru- ‘tear’.

    DDeden said...

    http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/arco.5006/pdf

    The broken pots of Lapita - why?

    I suggested to Gisele Horvat at Human migrations that sharp pot sherds may have been used similarly to conchoidal fractured flint/obsidian for cutting, especially before trade routes were established bringing these materials from better endowed islands (some isles are coral atolls with no basalt/flint/obsidian, others may have one type but lack others). Note that burnt pottery (as opposed to sun-dried pots) is like glass bottle, very sharp and stronger than flat window glass shards.